Odor, inflammation and dark debris inside the ears of cats and dogs deserve prompt attention by a veterinarian.  Although these problems are seldom life-threatening they can cause animals a great degree of discomfort and can sometimes be contagious to others.  Here are some common causes of ear problems in cats and dogs. 

Earmites – these microscopic mites live inside the ear canal of infected animals and cause the animal to frequently itch its ears.  If left untreated, animals can sometimes itch their ears until they are bloody.  Owners will usually notice scabs and sores behind the ears where the animal has tried to itch the ear canal.

The inside of the ear will be crusted with dark, flaky debris that is sometimes discharged by the animal if it shakes its head.  Although it occurs in dogs, earmites are more common in cats and are contagious to other animals.  Humans, however, are not a preferred host for earmites.  Veterinarians mite prescribe a single dose of Acarexx to treat these parasites and Revolution to prevent against future infestations.

Yeast – these infections are common in both dogs and cats and cause a dark, moist residue inside the ear.  Yeast infections have an odor, too and are especially common in dogs that swim or in breeds with long, floppy ears.  Veterinarians usually treat mild infections with ear drops like Otimax or Tresaderm over a period of a few weeks.  More intense infections might require other medications to treat secondary infections.

There are lots of dog breeds that have hairy ear canals and should be taken to a professional groomer to have the ear canal plucked clean.  Hair in the ears keeps dirt and moisture inside the canal and creates the perfect opportunity for yeast to grow and replicate, causing an infection.  These breeds (like poodles and schnauzers) need regular grooming to keep their ears clean and healthy. 

Bacteria – these infections sometimes accompany yeast infections and usually result in painful, inflamed ears and veterinarians use a variety of treatments depending on the severity of the infection.

If you have any concerns about your dogs’ ears, consult your veterinarian.  If your dog or cat has painful ears, take it to the veterinarian immediately.